TODO - Link Text Sound Therapy Wine Lovers Site

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Far sighted:
/bin/stk/300/16012475.jpg

Full Spectrum Lights and Productivity; http://www.crslight.com/full-spectrum-light.htm

todo - There is a link to here from http://www.pagecolor.com/colorbasics.com/ColorTemperature/index.php
Is it correct to send them here?

Search on "productivity full spectrum"

full spectrum 746
full spectrum lighting 712
full spectrum light 608
full spectrum light bulbs 497
full spectrum lights 417
full spectrum lamps 362
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full spectrum bulbs 229
full spectrum light bulb 171
full spectrum desk lamp 165
full spectrum floor lamp 162
full spectrum bulb 75
full spectrum lightbulbs 70

Possibly add these file here:

Fovea
Ganglion
Macula

[The following part was taken from Vibro-Therapy.com]

Science of Seeing

Human vision is a wonderful, yet very complex process that is not yet completely understood. It involves the eye, nerves, and brain all working together to provide the visual information we see.

!! ((Eye|The Eye))

The outer shell of the eye, called the sclera, is the white rigid spherical shell that gives the eye is structure. The sclera itself is opaque, therefore, to allow light into the eye, it merges in the front with the transparent cornea, which is the window of the eye. The cornea has an index of refraction of about 1.37. Immediately behind the cornea is the aqueous humor, a clear watery liquid which supplies the cornea with the nutrients it needs since blood vessels in the cornea would affect the optical clarity.

!! ((Pupil|The Pupil))

The Pupil is the opening in the center of the iris that controls the amount of light entering the eye. The iris merges with colored connective tissue called the choroid which lines the inside of the sclera. In humans, the pupil is circular whereas horses and goats have a horizontal slit, and snakes, alligators and cats have a vertical slit.

Tiny muscles on the iris automatically adjust the size of the pupil within tenths of a second depending on the light level. It is interesting to note, that the pupils of both eyes will open and close in unison, even if only one is stimulated with light due to the consensual pupillary reflex. In addition, our attitude about what we are seeing also influences the size of the pupil. This effect, common when viewing

attractive pictures of the opposite sex, can effect the pupil size by up to 30 percent.

Research even illustrated that we are subconsciously aware of pupil size when men found a picture of a woman more attractive when the photograph was retouched to make her pupils larger. None of the men studied consciously noticed the difference. Conversely, a more sinister, cold hateful look can be achieved with smaller pinpoint pupils.

!! ((Lens|The Lens))

The lens, which is immediately behind the iris, provides fine focusing adjustment to adjust for the object distance. This process is called accommodation, and is accomplished with a ring of muscles around the lens. When the muscles are relaxed for viewing distant objects, the lens is relatively flat. When the muscles constrict to view objects close-up, the lens changes shape, becoming more curved.

The near-point is the closest the eye can still focus. This distance increases with age as the lens gradually looses elasticity. This distance usually surpasses the one's arm length between 50 and 60, which then calls for corrective lenses. Cataract's, or a loss of transparency of the lens also affects many elderly people.

The inner chamber of the eye is filled with a clear jellylike substance known as the vitreous humor. This structureless substance has an index of refraction close to that of water. Sometimes when you look very carefully, you can see bits of cellular debris in the vitreous humor called floaters that give a faint shadow to the image you see.

!! ((Retina|The Retina))

The Retina or light sensitive part of the eye covers the back of the eyeball, and is the final destination of the light. The lens and cornea actually invert, or turn the image displayed on the retina upside down in the process of providing a clear image that is in focus.

How do we see upside down?

Since we have been seeing things upside down since birth, this really isn't any problem at all. In fact, the American psychologist G. M. Stratton experimented with a pair of glasses that inverted the image to make it right side up, and found that he had to "relearn" how to see, a process that took days. In a later unrelated experiment, the participant actually reached the point where they could ride a bicycle while wearing the glasses. The challenge, however, is that the participant's world is again turned upside down when they cease wearing the glasses. Luckily it takes less time to return to the normal upside down world.

-----------------------------------------

[Fovea START]

From Vibro Therapy:

!!! ((Fovea|The Fovea))

The rods and cones are not equally distributed on the retina, but instead are concentrated at the exact center or fovea. In reality, this is the only area of vision that is seen clearly, but because the eye moves around freely, it seems as though you can see everything with equal clarity. The fovea is surprisingly small, being only about the size of a dime at arm's length. The fovea contains only cones, which partially explains why periferal vision is better at night. This also explains why it is impossible to see with the same clarity at night no matter how close you bring the object.

----------------------

by dlk

The Fovea is the "center," most detailed area of our vision, and is located at the center of the macula. This is the very concentrated grouping of cones in the eye that is centered on whatever we're looking at. The fovea has virtually no rods, and not even any blood vessels or nerve cells, and is about 1/5 th of a millimeter in diameter, and appears as a "pit" in the retina.

The macula and fovea are critical for most every detailed vision task we undertake, whether driving, or reading.

The Difficulty of Seeing Blue

The very center of the fovea lacks S cones, the cones that are sensitive to blue, and there are fewer blue-sensitive cones in the fovea in general. The result is small-area tritanopia, or a yellow-blue color blindness that we all have for very small objects. This effect is easily left undetected since your eyes are almost always scanning from spot to spot, and your mind has a "blind spot" of sort with regards to the missing blue.

Some researchers have proposed that the reason for the lack of S cones in the fovea is due to a yellowish substance, xanthophyll that covers the fovea and absorbs blue light, but we don't agree. We subscribe to the belief that the S cones are enough slower reacting than the other cones, that it having blue cones slowed down the effective eye movement.

Very few Rods are in the Fovea

It also turns out that there are relatively few rods in the fovea, making it sometimes difficult to see what we're looking at in poor lighting conditions, since the rods are more sensitive and used for night vision, whereas the cones are color sensitive and used for color vision.

No Blood Vessels

The concentration of cones is so dense in the fovea, there actually are not any blood vessels in the area.

Other interesting bits:

The fovea is not at the exact "optical" center of the eye, but rather 4 to 8 degrees out. [add more on this if possible]

etc....

[WIKIPEDIA]

The fovea, a part of the eye, is a spot located in the center of the macula. The fovea is responsible for sharp central vision, which is necessary in humans for reading, watching television or movies, driving, and any activity where visual detail is of primary importance.

At the center of the fovea there is a pit with a diameter of about 0.2 mm. It has a high concentration of cone cells and virtually no rods. Compared to the rest of the retina, the cones in the foveal pit are smaller and more densely packed (in a hexagonal pattern), and they are not obscured by a layer of nerve cells or blood vessels; all of this together accounts for the sharp vision associated with them. The fovea is largely responsible for the color vision in humans which is superior to most other mammals'.

The foveal pit is not located exactly on the optical axis, but is displaced about 4 to 8 degrees temporal to it.

Surrounding the foveal pit is the foveal rim, where the neurons displaced from the pit are located. This is the thickest part of the retina.

Since the fovea does not have rods, it is not sensitive to dim lights. Astronomers know this: in order to observe a dim star, they use peripheral vision, looking out of "the side of their eyes".

The fovea is covered in a yellow pigment called xanthophyll. This absorbs blue light and is probably an evolutionary adaption to the problem of chromatic aberration.

[Fovea END]

-------------------------------

[Macula START]

by dlk

The Macula is center part of our eyesight responsible for our ability to see details. It contains the Fovea, and is covered with a yellowish substance, xanthophyll that absorbs blue light.

The macula and fovea are critical for most every detailed vision task we undertake, whether driving, or reading.

Macular Degeneration

This debilitating disease results in the missing or blurred vision in the central vision, and is the most common cause of central vision loss in the United States today for people over fifty. Unlike a loss of the peripheral vision, which may go unnoticed, any loss of vision in the macula

[ref]

There is an area on your retina called the fovea where you have the greatest concentration of cone photoreceptors and therefore the best visual acuity and color vision. When you look at an object, you move your head and eyes such that the image of that object falls on the fovea. The fovea is protected by a yellow filter called the macula. This yellow filter protects this important part of your retina from accidental high-intensity exposure to short-wavelength light (blue and ultraviolet light is partially absorbed by the yellow filter). It is very common for the density of this yellow filter to vary from person to person causing significant differences in color vision. While we don't normally notice a yellow tint to the world around us due to chromatic adaptation (our ability to adjust to overall changes in the color of the illumination), there are more subtle differences in vision that can be observed.

[WIKIPEDIA]

The macula or macula lutea (from Latin macula, "spot" + lutea, "yellow") is an oval yellow spot near the center of the retina of the human eye. It has a diameter of about 1.5 mm and is often histologically defined as having two or more layers of ganglion cells. Near its center is the fovea, a small pit that contains the largest concentration of cone cells in the eye and is responsible for central vision.

Whereas loss of peripheral vision may go unnoticed for some time, damage to the macula will result in loss of central vision, which is usually immediately obvious. The progressive destruction of the macula is a severe disease known as macular degeneration.

by dlk

The Macula is center part of our eyesight responsible for our ability to see details. It contains the Fovea, and is covered with a yellowish substance, xanthophyll that absorbs blue light.

The macula and fovea are critical for most every detailed vision task we undertake, whether driving, or reading.

Macular Degeneration

[ref]

[WIKIPEDIA]

[Macula END]

!! ((Myopia and Hyperopia|Myopia and Hyperopia))

Myopia or nearsightedness and hyperopia or farsightedness result from a failure of the eye to focus the image correctly on the retina at the back of the eyeball. In myopia, the focal point of the eye is too short, making it difficult to clearly see distance objects, but objects can be seen clearly up close. This condition can be aided with a diverging lens which lengthens the focal distance.

In hyperopia or hypermetropia as it is sometimes called, the focal length is abnormally long, making it difficult or impossible to focus on objects up close. A converging lens is needed to help bring the image into focus.

!! ((Rods and Cones|Rods and Cones))

On a microscopic level, the retina is made up of two types of light sensitive cells, rods and cones. Rods are best at scotopic or low-light-level night vision, while the cones are best at photopic or high-light-level high-resolution color vision. Each retina has about 120 million rods, and 6 to 7 million cones, each about 1 to 3 micrometer in diameter.

Adaptation is the process that takes place when converting from photopic (high-light levels) to scotopic (low light levels) vision. This process, which takes approximately 20 to 30 minutes results in a 10,000 times increase in light sensitivity. You can see a single match at 50 miles on a clear night. The strange thing is that adaptation back is accomplished in less than a second.

This change back and forth is due to a bleaching of the visual pigment. The visual pigment is easily bleached by light, but takes time to regenerate into an unbleached state to respond at full light sensitivity. Red low frequency light does not cause bleaching of the rods, and therefore can be used without resetting the visual pigment.

!! ((Mesopic Vision|Mesopic Vision))

Mesopic vision occurs at light levels where photopic and scotopic vision overlap. This level occurs between about a quarter moon and twilight. Mesopic vision seems to create a somewhat eerie heightened awareness sensation that you may feel when out at night.

!! ((Temporal Response of the Eye|Temporal Response of the Eye))

The rods and cones in the eye integrate, or add together all of the light they detect for a period known as the integration time, action time, or storage time. This time is estimated at about 1/5 to 1/10 of a second. This summing process allows the eyes to be more sensitive to light.

The critical flicker frequency or CFF is the minimum frequency that a light must be flashed in order that we cannot detect any flicker. The CFF ranges from 5 to 55 Hz depending on the size and brightness of the source. Movies, which show only 24 frames per second are interrupted several times per frame, or held in place and quickly switched to the next frame to avoid flicker. Television, on the other hand, which has 25 to 30 frames per second displays every other line 50 to 60 times per second to avoid creating a detectable flicker.

!! ((Red Eye Reflections|))

Have you ever noticed the reflection of a cats eyes in the headlights, or seen the effects of Red Eye on a photograph? This is because the rods and cones of the retina are actually pointed away from the pupil, and toward the reflective surface at the back of the eye. Scientists don't seem to have any explanation for this. Normally the eye appears dark, because you block the light when you look into someone's eye. That's why ophthalmologists used a ophthalmoscope to look through a partially silvered mirror that simultaneously projects light directly into the eye.

The Eye

with the nutrients it needs since blood vessels in the cornea would affect the optical clarity.

The Pupil

entering the eye. The iris merges with colored connective tissue called the choroid which lines the inside of the sclera. In humans, the pupil is circular whereas horses and goats have a horizontal slit, and snakes, alligators and cats have a vertical slit.

TODO TODO TODO TODO - delete this stuff

"toaff" Code for affiliate links. Put this in for all affiliate links in case we need to find them.

YellowHighlighting (Must put an "x" in yellowhighlighting of cssoptions in IncColors to enable.)

Underline Strong em xxlg xlg lg sm xs

Text Link.

Alternative - Open New Window - link that is a different way to have it open a new window

Simple - These are smaller/simpler

Simple - These are smaller/simpler

Random - These are smaller/simpler

Random - These are smaller/simpler. They are controlled by just the align="center/left or right"

Specific - Caption.

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Specific - Caption.

Specific, Caption and Link

TODO

Specific, Caption and Link

Random, Caption

TODO

Random, Caption

Random, LINK , Caption

TODO

Random, LINK , Caption

Random, RANDOM LINK , Caption

TODO

Random, RANDOM LINK , Caption

Cells are sized by the largest cell in a column. To make the cells larger, put nbsp in them. But make every other one a regular space (use a space in the text) becuase it takes less code and allows a carriage return to be inserted if someone's screen is small. Otherwise, they will have to scroll back and forth.

If no table border (tb1, ex.) is defined, the default is tb0, or no border around the cells.

Text Centered Table

Ctrl-M - New Row
Shft-Ctrl-A - New Col

Text Left Justified Table

Ctrl-M - New Row
Shft-Ctrl-A - New Col

Left

To have a different background color, go to cssoptions in IncColors and put an X in colorsbg to enable this feature. Define the class for the bg color.

To have no borders:

Do not define a border (ex., tb1). The default is no border.
Define style="background:#xxxxxx" where xxxxxx = the color code of the bg color.

Blue Background [NOTE: To implement this, go to cssoptions in IncColors and change '' to 'x' for colorsbg.]
Example Link: Link	As you can see, we've not made links work in colored sections. Daniel can do it if necessary.
yellowhighlighting Underline Bold Italics	pt1 pt2 pta1 pta2 pt3

HIDDEN COMMENT IN TEXT:

HIDDEN UNIQUE TEXT MARKER:

The first essential to the application of the Munsell Color System is a clear understanding of the three dimensions of color. Once the simple logic of these dimensions is grasped, the practical advantages of the Munsell System will be apparent.

To Redirect a File:

Open an existing php file using NoteTab. Delete everything and replace it with the following code. Save with NoteTab, making sure it is still a php file.

<?
redirect("www.LanguagesMuseum.com");

function redirect($to)
{
$pc = $_SERVER['SERVER_PORT'] == '443' ? 'https' : 'http';
// $host = strlen($_SERVER['HTTP_HOST'])?$_SERVER['HTTP_HOST']:$_SERVER['SERVER_NAME'];
if (headers_sent()) return false;
else
{
// header("HTTP/1.1 302 Found"); HIGHLY SUGGESSTED YOU DONT USE THIS !!!!!!!!
// header("HTTP/1.1 303 See Other");
header("HTTP/1.1 301 Moved Permanently");
header("Location: $pc://$to");
exit();
}
}
?>